Milbemectin is a mixture of the two most abundant analogs (30% Milbemycin A3 and 70% Milbemycin A4) produced by the soil bacterium Streptomyces hydroscopicus subsp. aureolarcrimosus. Milbemectin is a highly selective and potent insecticide, nematocide and acaricide used in crop protection. It also acts as an agonist of the RDL GABA receptor in Drosophila.
Milbemectin is soluble in ethanol, methanol, DMF and DMSO but has poor water solubility.
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| Mechanism of Action | The primary targets are glutamate-gated chloride channels. They also interact with insect RDL γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors but their mode of action is unknown. |
| Spectrum | Milbemectin targets insects including mites (spider mites), nematodes including pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) and C. elegans. |
| Plant Biology Applications | Milbmectin is used as an agri-chemical for crop protection in soft fruits, citrus fruit, top fruit, aubergines and others to combat mites and leaf miners. |
| Insect Biology Applications | Milbemectin is a GABA inhibitor and can act as an agonist of the RDL GABA receptor in Drosophila. |
| References |
Bi Z et al (2015) Efficacy of four nematicides against the reproduction and development of pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. J. Nematol. 47(2):126-132 PMID 26170474 Nakao T, Banba and Hirase K (2015) Comparison between the modes of action of novel meta-diamide and macrycyclic lactone insecticides on the RDL GABA receptor. Pest. Biochem. and Physiol. 120:101-108 Okazaki T et al (1983) Milbemycins, a new family of macrolide antibiotics: Producing organism and its mutants J Antibiot. 36:438 Takiguchi Y et al (1980) Milbemycins, a new family of macrolide antibiotics: Fermentation, isolation and physico-chemical properties. J Antibiot. 33:1120 |