Acriflavine Hydrochloride is a fluorescent dye commonly used as a topical contrast agent. It stains cell nuclei and is applied to tissues before miscrocopy. Acroflavine has been used in confocal laser endomicroscopy. It has also been used for strain selection. Acriflavine is freely soluble in aqueous solution.
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| Mechanism of Action | Acriflavine toxicity arises from its ability to bind to and intercalate DNA. DNA intercalation leads to numerous errors which have a lethal effect on targeted organisms. |
| Microbiology Applications | Acriflavine has been used in RNA fluorescent labeling applications by RNA hydrolysis using HCl. |
| Cancer Applications | Acriflavine has been shown to inhibit HIF-1, a heterodimeric transcription factor which responds to hypoxia and facilitates further cancer progress. Acriflavine prevents dimerization of HIF-1 to prevent its role in cancer growth. |
| Molecular Formula | C13H11N3 and C14H14N3 •HCl |
| References |
Kawai M and Yamagishi J (2009) Mechanisms of action of Acriflavine: Electron microscopic study of cell wall changes induced in Staphylococcus aureus by Acriflavine. Microbiol. Immunol. 53(9):481-486 PMID 19703241 Lee K et al (2009) Acriflavine inhibits HIF-1 dimerization, tumor growth, and vascularization. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106 (42):17910-17915 PMID 19805192 Levinson JW, Maher VM and McCormick JJ (1979) Fluorescent labeling of fragments of high molecular weight RNA. Anal. Biochem. 93(2):399-406
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| MIC | Escherichia coli| 2 - 128|| Klebsiella pneumonia| 128 - 512|| Staphylococcus aureus| 3.13 - 50|| |
