Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of Oxytetracycline, the second tetracycline antibiotic to be discovered. Oxytetracycline is a broad-spectrum tetracycline that was discovered near the Pfizer laboratories in a soil sample containing Streptomyces rimosus by Finlay et al., in 1950. Together with the chemist Robert B Woodward, they deciphered the chemical structure which allowed Pfizer to produce it commercially under the trade name Terramycin. Oxytetracycline can be used for studying the oxytetracycline-resistance gene (otrA).
Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride is soluble in water.
We also offer:
- Oxytetracycline Dihydrate (O003)
| Mechanism of Action | The mechanism of Oxytetracycline involves diffusing through a cell and binding to the 30s ribosomal subunit preventing peptide elongation and ultimately inhibiting protein synthesis. Resistance to Oxytetracycline can be a result of inactivation by cell enzymes or pumping the antibiotic out of the cell upon entering. |
| Spectrum | Oxytetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic which targets Gram-positive and Gram-negative species as well as a few Mycoplasma species |
| Microbiology Applications |
Oxytetracycline is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and Mycoplasma microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options. Representative MIC values include:
Media SupplementOxytetracycline is used as a selective agent in OGYE, a selective media for yeasts and molds. |
| Plant Biology Applications | Oxytetracycline has been used to prevent fire blight in apple and pears in the Pacific Northwest region of the USA. In a study by Hubbard et al., Oxytetracycline was shown to be a better alternative to streptomycin to inhibit fire blight disease. |
| Molecular Formula | C22H24N2O9•HCl |
| Solubility | Ethanol (95%) 33 mg/mL Ethanol (absolute): 12 mg/mL Water: slightly soluble Note: Concentrated aqueous solutions at neutral pH hydrolyze and precipitates crystals of oxytetracycline |
| References |
Chopra I and Roberts M (2001) Tetracycline Antibiotics: Mode of action, applications, molecular biology, and epidemiology of bacterial resistance." Microbio. and Molec. Biol. Rev. 232-60. Hubbard AR (2011) Evaluation of Kasugamycin-use strategies designed to delay development of resistance in Erwinia amylovora. Mastes thesis. Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon state University. |
| MIC | Bacillus cereus| ≥1|| Bacillus pumilus| 2|| Bacillus subtilis| ≥16|| Brochothrix thermosphacta| ≥124|| Burkholderia mallei| 16 － 32|| Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (185. 2. 1)| ≥4|| Diplococcus pneumoniae| 0.04 － 0.4|| Enterococcus faecalis| 0.78 － >100|| Enterococcus faecium| 0.39 － >100|| Enterococcus hirae| 0.39 － >100|| Enterococcus sp. (Uraguay)| ≤0.25 － 2|| Escherichia coli | 0.25 － 70|| Flavobacterium columnare| ≥15.63|| Fusobacterium necrophorum| 0.03 － 4.1|| Haemophilus influenzae| 1.6 － 6.3|| Haemophilus parasuis| 0.25 － 16|| Klebsiella pneumonia| ≥16|| Listeria monocytogenes| ≥58|| Micrococcus kristinae| 1 － 4|| Micrococcus luteus| ≥4|| Mycoplasma bovis | 0.12 － 128|| Mycoplasma gallisepticum| 0.05 － 200|| Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae| 0.03 － 4|| Mycoplasma hyosynoviae| 0.5 － >4|| Mycoplasma iowae| 0.025 － 100|| Mycoplasma meleagridis| 0.05 － 25|| Mycoplasma synoviae | 0.025 － 100|| Nocardia asteroides| 25 － 100|| Paenibacillus larvae| 0.016 － 0.031|| Pasteurella haemolytica| ≥64|| Proteus vulgaris| 16 － 64|| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | ≥8|| Pseudomonas flourescens| ≥40|| Salmonella enterica| ≥112|| Salmonella spp.| ≥2|| Shigella flexneri| ≥1|| Staphylococcus (coagulase-negative + Uruguay)| ≤0.25 － >64|| Staphylococcus aureus| ≤0.25 － 76|| Staphylococcus epidermidis| ≥4|| Streptococcus agalactiae| ≤0.25 － 2|| Streptococcus dysgalactiae | >4 － >64|| Streptococcus faecalis| ≥8|| Streptococcus iniae| ≥10|| Streptococcus pneumonia| 0.125 － 0.5|| Streptococcus uberis (Uruguay)| ≤0.25 － 64|| Treponema hyodysenteriae | 0.78 － 25|| Vibrio cholerae| ≥56|| Vibrio harveyi| ≥0.78|| |
