SKU: T005  / 
    CAS Number: 15318-45-3

    Thiamphenicol

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    Thiamphenicol

    Thiamphenicol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic derived from chloramphenicol. Like chloramphenicol, Thiamphenicol is insoluble in water but highly soluble in lipids.

    Mechanism of Action Both thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol work by the same mechanism, however, Thiamphenicol is about 3X as potent. After entering a bacterial cell, Thiamphenicol binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit preventing peptide bond formation. Resistance to Thiamphenicol may be due to decreased cell permeability or a mutation in the 50S ribosomal subunit.
    Spectrum Thiamphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic commonly used to target bacteria responsible for causing sexually transmitted diseases.
    Microbiology Applications

    Thiamphenicol is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options.

    Representative MIC values include:

    • Neisseria gonorrhoeae 0.125 µg/mL – 4 µg/mL
    Plant Biology Applications Thiamphenicol was used for contamination control in hybrid walnut propagation.  In addition to other antibiotics used during the study, Thiamphenicol was found to be effective against several Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria (Meynier et al, 1989).
    Molecular Formula

    C12H15Cl2NO5S
    Solubility Acetonitrile: Soluble
    Alcohol: Soluble
    Dimethylacetamide: Soluble
    Dimethylformamide: Soluble
    Water: Slightly soluble
    Absorbance UV max (95% ethanol): 224, 266, 274 nm (ε 13,700, 800, 700).
    References

    Duck, P. D., and J. R. Dillon. "Effects of Thiamphenicol and Chloramphenicol in Inhibiting Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Isolates." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 14.5 (1978): 788-90. www.ncbi.gov. 26 July 1978. Web. 21 Aug. 2012.

    Mayer, Gene, Dr. "Antibiotics - Protein Synthesis, Nucleic Acid Synthesis, and Metabolism." University of South Carolina School of Medicine. Web. 21 Aug. 2012.

    Meynier V. and Arnould M.F., 1989, Compared Effectiveness of Antibiotic Treatments and Shoot Tip Culture on Bacterial Decontamination of an in vitro Propagated Clone of Hybrid Walnut (Juglans nigra x J. regia). Biologia Plantarum (PRAHA) 31 (4): 269-275. 1989