Cefteram Pivoxil, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. It is an pivaloyloxymethyl ester belonging to the cepham family, and contains a pivoxil group which increases lipophilicity. Cefteram Pivoxil is the pivalate ester 'prodrug' of Cefteram. It is commonly used in susceptibility testing applications. Cefteram Pivoxil is freely soluble in methanol, ethanol, methanol, acetone, acetonitrile, and chloroform.
| Mechanism of Action | Like β-lactams, cephalosporins interfere with PBP (penicillin binding protein) activity involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. PBP’s are enzymes which catalyze a pentaglycine crosslink between alanine and lysine residues providing additional strength to the cell wall. Without a pentaglycine crosslink, the integrity of the cell wall is severely compromised and ultimately leads to cell lysis and death. Resistance to cephalosporins is commonly due to cells containing plasmid encoded β-lactamases. |
| Spectrum | Like many third generation cephalosporins, cefteram is mostly active against Gram negative bacteria especially those which cause meningitis and gonorrhea. It also has activity against Gram-positive bacteria. |
| Molecular Formula | C22H27N9O7S2 |
| Impurities | Single Impurity: ≤1.5% Total Impurities: ≤2.0% |
| Microbiology Applications |
Cefteram is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against Gram-negative microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options. Representative MIC values include: Escherichia. coli: 0.25 - 4 ug/ml |
| References |
Bryson HM and Brogden RN (1993) Cefetamet Pivoxil. Drugs 45:589-621 doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199345040-00009 Fuchs T (2007) Case Study: Cefditoren Pivoxil: An oral prodrug of Cefditoren. Prodrugs V:1185-1194 Saito A, Hiraga Y, Watanabe A, et al (2004) Comparative clinical study of cefcapene pivoxil and Cefteram Pivoxil in chronic respiratory tract infections by a double-blind method. J. Int. Med. Res. 32(6):590-607 Zou J et al (2008) Pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence comparison of a single 100-mg dose of cefteram pivoxil powder suspension and tablet formulations: A randomized-sequence, open-label, two-period crossover study in healthy Chinese adult male volunteers. Clin Ther. 30(4):654-660 PMID 8498914
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