Tylosin is a macrolide antibiotic that was originally isolated from Streptomyces fradiae by the Lilly Research Labs in 1961 from a soil sample collected in Thailand. Tylosin is a mixture of four macrolide antibiotics, the main component of the mixture(>80%) is Tylosin A; Tylosin B (desmycosin), Tylosin C (macrocin), and Tylosin D (relomycin) may also be present. Tylosin has broad-spectrum bacteriostatic activity against Gram-positive bacteria and mycoplasma, but much less activity against most Gram-negative bacteria and fungi.
Tylosin, like other macrolide antibiotics, is a bacteriostatic compound that reversibly bind to the 23S rRNA in the 50S (L27 protein) ribosome subunit and inhibit mRNA-directed protein synthesis.
Tylosin has been used to study protein synthesis, abscess prevention in cattle, and Mycoplasma infections.
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