SKU: C009  / 
    CAS Number: 123171-59-5

    Cefepime Hydrochloride, USP

    $671.76
    Cefepime Hydrochloride, USP

    Cefepime Hydrochloride, USP is the hydrochloride salt of Cefepime. The addition of the hydrochloride salt enhances aqueous solubility. It is similar in potency to Cefepime, a broad-spectrum, fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that was patented in 1982 by Bristol-Myers Squibb. Cefepime is bactericidal against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, disrupting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It appears to be intrinsically more resistant to hydrolysis by β-lactamases and is commonly used in antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Cefepime Hydrochloride is soluble in water.

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    Mechanism of Action Like β-lactams, cephalosporins interfere with penicillin binding protein (PBP) activity involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. PBP’s are enzymes which catalyze a pentaglycine crosslink between alanine and lysine residues providing additional strength to the cell wall. Without a pentaglycine crosslink, the integrity of the cell wall is severely compromised and ultimately leads to cell lysis and death. Resistance to cephalosporins is commonly due to cells containing plasmid encoded β-lactamases. Interestingly, Cefepime is resistant to various β-lactamases encoded by otherwise resistant β-lactam bacteria strains.
    Spectrum Cefepime is a broad-spectrum antibiotic targeting a wide variety of naturally antibiotic resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Some of these naturally resistant bacteria include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
    Microbiology Applications Cefepime Hydrochloride is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options. Representative MIC values include:
    • Pseudomonas aeruginosa 32 µg/mL – 256 µg/mL
    • Staphylococcus aureus 2 µg/mL – 16 µg/mL
    • For a representative list of Cefepime MIC values, click here.

    Cefepime was used in a MALDI-TOF MS-based direct-on-target mirodroplet growth assay as part of a screening panel for rapid detection of ESBL, and AmpC β-Lactamases in Enterobacterales.  (Correa-Martinez et al, 2019). 
    Cancer Research Applications Cefepime (50mM) was mixed with 8 different metal salts (copper, zinc, cobalt, nickel, cadmium, chromium, iron, and manganese ) in a 1:1 ratio and evaluated for proteasome-inhibitory and anti-proliferative properties using MDA-MB‑231 human breast cancer cells.  The complex with manganese had the highest inhibition of cell proliferation and proteasome activity.  The complex induced apoptosis in a dose-and time-dependent manner and has the potential for use as an antitumor agent (Zhang et al, 2015).
    Molecular Formula C19H25ClN6O5S2 · HCl · H2O
    Identification E isomer: ≤0.2%
    Any individual impurity: ≤0.2%
    References

    Georgopapadakou NH and Bertasso A (1993)  Mechanisms of action of cephalosporin 3'-quinolone esters, carbamates, and tertiary amines in Escherichia coli.  Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother. 37(3):559-565

    Zhang Z, Bi C, Fan Y, Wang H and Bao Y (2015) Cefepime, a fourth-generation cephalosporin, in complex with manganese, inhibits proteasome activity and induces the apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. Int. J. Molec. Med. 36(4): 1143-1150

    Cefepime (TOKU-E)

    Correa-Martinez C, Idelevich EA, Sparbier K, Kostrzewa M, and Becker K (2019)  Rapid detection of extended-spectrum B-lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC B-Lactamases in Enterobacterales: Development of a screening panel using the MALDI-TOF MS-based direct-on-target microdroplet growth assay. Front. Microbiol. 10:13  PMID 30733710
    MIC Bacillus cereus| 250 － >500|| Bacillus macerans (A199)| 15.62|| Bacillus pumilus| 31.25|| Bacillus subtilis| 62.5 - 125|| Brucella abortus (A77)| 62.5 － 125|| Cedecea davisae (F2)| 31.25|| Clavibacter michiganense (A227)| 15.62 － 16.62|| Enterobacter cloacae (A135)| 31.25|| Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29122)| 31.25 － 62.5|| Escherichia coli| 15.6 － 125|| Klebsiella pneumonia| 31.2 － 125|| Morganella morganii (F4)| 31.25|| Proteus mirabilis| 62.5|| Proteus vulgaris| 15.62 － 125|| Pseudomonas aeruginosa| 15.62 - >500|| Pseudomonas putida| 125|| Pseudomonas syringae| 31.25 － 125|| Salmonella cholerasuis arizonae (F7)| 62.5|| Salmonella enteritidis (ATCC 13076)| 31.25 － 62.5|| Salmonella typhi| >500|| Salmonella typhimurium| >500|| Serratia plymuthica (F8)| 31.25|| Shigella sonnei (F9)| 31.25|| Staphylococcus aureus| 7.8 － 62.5|| Staphylococcus epidermidis (A233)| 15.62 － 62.5|| Staphylococcus hominis (F10)| 125|| Streptococcus pyogenes| 31.25 － 125|| Xanthomonas campestris (A235)| 31.25|| Yersinia enterocolitica (F11)| 16.62||