Antimicrobials

Lincomycin

Lincomycin is a lincosamide first isolated from Streptomyces licolnensis by researchers at Upjohn in 1962. This class of antibacterial contains a rare amino acid (4-propyl-N-methylprolin) coupled to an equally rare aminomethylthio-octopyranoside sugar...

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Nigericin

Nigericin is a polyether antibiotic produced by Streptomyces, notably S. hygroscopicus, isolated in the 1950s. Its complex structure was finally elucidated in 1968. Although Nigericin can be isolated as the free acid (under acidic conditions), like most...

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Narasin

Narasin (4-methylsalinomycin) is a carboxylic polyether antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens in 1978. Although Narasin is a derivative of Salinomycin, the metabolites are produced by different species and are not co-metabolites. Narasin is...

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Narasin sodium

Narasin sodium is prepared from narasin taking advantage of the carboxylic acid which ionises and readily forms the salt in sodium hydroxide solutions. Narasin is an ionophore with broad spectrum activity against Gram positive bacteria including...

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Monensin A

Monensin A is a polyether antibiotic first isolated from Streptomyces cinnamonensis in 1967. Monensin A is a broad-spectrum anticoccicidal antibiotic, also exhibiting antifungal and antiviral activity. Monensin A blocks intracellular protein transport...

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Delta-2-Avermectin B1a

Delta-2-Avermectin B1a is a natural,  irreversible base degradation product produced by selective hydrolysis of the terminal saccharide Avermectin under acidic conditions in animals and in the environment.  Delta-2-Avermectin B1a is formed by...

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Enoxacin

Enoxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with a broad spectrum (Gram-positive and Gram-Negative) of activity. Enoxacin was used to treat urinary tract infections and gonorrhea.Mechanism of ActionFluoroquinolone antibiotics target bacterial DNA...

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Toxoflavin

Toxoflavin (PKF 118-310) is an azapteridine antibiotic produced by some species of Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, and Burkholderia gladioli that has antibiotic and anticancer properties.  It is also a yellow pigment that acts as a pH indicator changing...

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Cefotiam Dihydrochloride

Cefotiam Dihydrochloride is a broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin β-lactam antibiotic that was patented in 1973.  It interferes with bacterial peptidoglycan synthesis.  It is commonly used in antimicrobial susceptibility...

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Fumagillin

Fumagillin is a polyene natural product and mycotoxin isolated from Aspergillus fumigatus in 1951 as a potent antiprotozoan for agents that cause amoebiasis. More recently, Fumagillin has been shown to inhibit endothelial cell proliferation and...

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Miconazole Nitrate

Miconazole Nitrate is the nitrate salt of Miconazole, an imidazole antimycotic compound patented in 1968 (Janssen Pharmaceutica).  It targets the fungi that cause tinea (ringworm) and athlete’s foot.  It inhibits ergosterol synthesis, and...

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Chloramphenicol Succinate

Chloramphenicol Succinate is prepared by acylation of chloramphenicol with succinic anhydride to provide a water soluble pro-drug. Chloramphenicol is released in the presence of succinate dehydrogenase in the human gut. Chloramphenicol Succinate is...

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